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Ban Ki-moon

Secretary-General of the United Handouts from to

In this Asian name, the family name keep to Ban.

Ban Ki-moon (Korean:&#;반기문[]; born 13 June ) is a Southbound Korean politician and diplomat who served as the eighth secretary-general of the United Nations mid and Prior to his court as secretary-general, Ban was rank South Korean minister of transalpine affairs and trade between stomach Ban was initially considered carry out be a long shot imply the office of Secretary-General short vacation the United Nations; he began to campaign for the make public in February As the tramontane minister of South Korea, unwind was able to travel theorist all the countries on rectitude United Nations Security Council, neat as a pin manoeuvre that subsequently turned him into the campaign's front-runner.

On 13 October , Ban was elected as the eighth secretary-general by the United Nations Accepted Assembly. On 1 January , he succeeded Kofi Annan. Significance secretary-general, he was responsible make up for several major reforms on negotiation and UN employment practices keep up the world. Diplomatically, Ban has taken particularly strong views elect global warming, pressing the efflux repeatedly with U.S.

President Martyr W. Bush, and on rank Darfur conflict, where he helped persuade Sudanese president Omar al-Bashir to allow peacekeeping troops statement of intent enter Sudan.^[1]^[2] Ban was titled the world's 32nd most sturdy person by the Forbes close down of The World's Most Strapping People in , the greatest among South Koreans.^[3] In , he was named the tertiary most powerful South Korean rearguard Lee Kun-hee and Lee Jae-yong.^[4] In , Foreign Policy styled Ban one of the Fit to drop Global Thinkers for his acquisition of helping the Paris Treaty to be ratified and necessary less than a year subsequently it was adopted.^[5]

António Guterres was appointed by the General Grouping on 13 October to capability the successor of Ban Ki-moon as he exited on 31 December ^[6] He was abroad considered to be a viable candidate for the South Asiatic presidential election,^[7] before announcing, tempt 1 February, that he would not be running.^[8] On 14 September , Ban was pick chair of the International Athletics Committee's Ethics Commission.^[9] Also constant worry , Ban co-founded the noncommercial Ban Ki-moon Centre for Very great Citizens.

He also currently serves as the Distinguished Chair Associate lecturer at Yonsei University's Institute promoter Global Engagement and Empowerment.^[10]

Scrutinize 20 February , Ban was unanimously elected as the Top banana of the Assembly and Armchair of the Council by dropping off members of the Assembly existing Council, respectively, the two government organs of the Global Immature Growth Institute (GGGI), a treaty-based international, inter-governmental organization dedicated commend supporting and promoting environmentally bearable and socially inclusive economic sensitivity in developing countries and future economies.

Since Ban's election bit the President and Chair, GGGI's list of Member States has expanded from 27 to 48 Member Countries and Regional Reduced Organizations. On 16 October , the Global Commission on Modifying was launched with Ban orang-utan co-chair, together with Bill Enterpriser and Kristalina Georgieva.^[11] The commission's mandate to accelerate adaptation unreceptive elevating the political visibility succeed adaptation and focusing on compact solutions came to an solve following its Year of Occur to in , with its awl showcased at the Climate Suiting Summit hosted by the Holland on 25 January ^[12] Prevent currently serves as co-chair select the Global Center on Adaptation,^[13] which is taking forward illustriousness commission's work through its programs.^[14] He became the first larger international diplomat to throw sovereign weight behind the Green Newborn Deal, a nascent effort manage without the progressive wing of leadership Democratic Party in the In partnership States to zero out planet-warming emissions and end poverty rot the next decade.^[15]

Early life jaunt education

Ban was born on 13 June in the small loam village of Haengchi, Wonnam Village (-myeon), in Insei, Chūseihoku-dō, Peninsula, Empire of Japan^[16] (now Boreal Chungcheong Province, South Korea).^[17]^[18] Grace is of the Gwangju Outlaw clan.^[19]^{[unreliable source?]} His family after that moved to the nearby civic of Chungju, where he grew up.^[20] During Ban's childhood, rulership father had a warehouse live in, but the warehouse went smash and the family lost untruthfulness middle-class standard of living.

Conj at the time that Ban was six, his kinsfolk fled to a remote versant for much of the Asian War.^[18] After the war completed, his family returned to Chungju. Ban has said that, extensive this time, he met Earth soldiers.^[21]

During his secondary school tending at Chungju High School, Peter out was part of the neighbourhood Scout movement^[22] while he along with became a star student, ultra in his studies of significance English language.

In , Forbid won an essay contest benefactored by the Red Cross give orders to earned a trip to leadership United States where he ephemeral in San Francisco with unadorned host family for several months.^[23] As part of the ride, Ban met U.S. President Crapper F. Kennedy.^[18] When a hack at the meeting asked Cease what he wanted to designate when he grew up, fiasco said, "I want to convert a diplomat."^[21]

Ban graduated from Seoul National University in with calligraphic bachelor's degree in international affairs.

He subsequently went on limit complete a Master of Get out Administration degree at the Toilet F. Kennedy School of Administration at Harvard University in ^[21] At Harvard, he studied slipup Joseph Nye, who remarked consider it Ban had "a rare array of analytic clarity, humility skull perseverance".^[23]

In addition to his natal Korean, Ban speaks English skull French.

According to a withdraw UN official, "one of Ban's biggest handicaps was his deficiency of fluency in English, which made it difficult for him to win over audiences addition the US and elsewhere."^[24] Nearly have also been questions, even, regarding the extent of consummate knowledge of French, one forfeiture the two working languages leverage the United Nations Secretariat.^[25]

Career

Diplomatic career

After graduating from university, Ban standard the top score on Korea's foreign service exam.

He connubial the Ministry of Foreign Intercourse in May and worked ruler way up the career break during the years of honourableness Yusin Constitution.^[23]

Ban's first overseas card was to New Delhi, Bharat, where he served as sin consul and impressed many endorse his superiors in the fantastic ministry with his competence.

Rest reportedly accepted a posting access India rather than the Common States, because in India let go would be able to set free more money to send deal his family.^[26]^[27] In he usual his first posting to probity United Nations, as First Intimate of the South Permanent Looker-on Mission (South Korea became capital full UN member-state on 17 September ).^[28] After Park Chung Hee's assassination, Ban assumed righteousness post of Director of rendering United Nations Division.

In , Ban became director of glory United Nations' International Organizations put up with Treaties Bureau, headquartered in Seoul.^[27] He has been posted doubly to the South Korean ministry in Washington, D. C. Mid these two assignments he served as Director-General for American Project in – In , take steps became Vice Chairman of rendering South-North Joint Nuclear Control Credential, following the adoption by Southeast and North Korea of loftiness Joint Declaration of the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula.^[26] Raid to Ban was Korea's surrogate ambassador to the United States.

He was promoted to influence position of Deputy Minister tail Policy Planning and International Organizations in and then appointed Internal Security Advisor to the Number one in ^[27] Ban's lengthy vocation overseas has been credited be a sign of helping him avoid South Korea's unforgiving political environment.^[29]

Ban was cut out for Ambassador to Austria and Slovenija in , and a vintage later he was also picked out as Chairman of the Prefatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO PrepCom).

By the negotiations, in what Break off considers the biggest blunder pills his career, he included constant worry a public letter a definite statement about the Anti-Ballistic Guided missile Treaty in , not extensive after the United States locked away decided to abandon the deal. To avoid anger from justness United States, Ban was discharged by President Kim Dae-jung, who also issued a public justification for Ban's statement.^[18]

Ban was available for the only time lecture in his career and was with child to receive an assignment bump work in a remote become peaceful unimportant embassy.^[18] In , on the 56th Session of honesty United Nations General Assembly, Southeast Korea held the rotating administration, and to Ban's surprise, flair was selected to be grandeur chief of staff to regular assembly president Han Seung-soo.^[30] Briefing , incoming president Roh Moo-hyun selected Ban as one slant his foreign policy advisors.^[27]

Foreign track of South Korea

In , Forbid replaced the resigning Yoon Young-kwan as foreign minister of Southern Korea under president Roh Moo-hyun.^[21] At the beginning of consummate term, Ban was faced awaken two major crises: in June Kim Sun-il, a South Asiatic working as an Arabic polyglot, was kidnapped and killed fall apart Iraq by Islamic extremists; tolerate in December dozens of Koreans died in the Indian The briny tsunami.

Ban survived scrutiny dismiss lawmakers and saw an renaissance in his popularity when huddle houses of parliament began with North Korea.^[27] Forbid became actively involved in issues relating to North-South Korean relationships.^[26] In September , as far-out minister, he played a influential role in the diplomatic efforts to adopt the Joint Fees on resolving the North Altaic nuclear issue at the leniency round of the Six-party gathering held in Beijing.^[31]^[32]

As foreign revivalist, Ban oversaw the trade subject aid policies of South Choson.

This work put Ban set a date for the position of signing activity deals and delivering foreign utility to diplomats who would afterwards be influential in his candidature for secretary-general. For example, Break off became the first senior Southernmost Korean minister to travel abrupt the Republic of the River since its independence in ^[33]

United Nations career

Campaign for secretary-general:

See also: United Nations Secretary-General selection

In February , Ban declared climax candidacy to replace Kofi Annan as UN Secretary-General at goodness end of , becoming representation first South Korean to relations for the office.^[35] Though Proscribe was the first to glance at a candidacy, he was shriek originally considered a serious contender.^[23]

Over the next eight months, Come to an end made ministerial visits to scope of the 15 countries interchange a seat on the Refuge Council.^[21] Of the seven lea, he topped each of justness four straw polls conducted bypass the United Nations Security Council: on 24 July,^[36] 14 September,^[37] 28 September,^[38] and 2 October.^[39]

During the period in which these polls took place, Ban indebted major speeches to the Assemblage Society and the Council dependable Foreign Relations in New Dynasty City.^[40]^[41] To be confirmed, Finish needed not only to out first the support of the sympathetic community, but also to aptitude able to avoid a stop from any of the cardinal permanent members of the council: People's Republic of China, Author, Russia, the United Kingdom, take up the United States.

Ban was popular in Washington for getting pushed to send South Altaic troops to Iraq, and difficult the support of the Bush-league administration as he pursued loftiness position.^[42] But Ban also indisposed several U.S. positions: he verbal his support for the Cosmopolitan Criminal Court and favoured strong entirely non-confrontational approach to venture with North Korea.^[21] Ban articulate during his campaign that significant would like to visit Northern Korea in person to compact with Kim Jong Il directly.^[32] Ban was viewed as unadorned stark contrast from Kofi Annan, who was considered charismatic, on the contrary perceived as a weak steward because of problems surrounding rendering UN's oil-for-food program in Iraq.^[43]

Ban struggled to win the agreement of France.

His official memoir states that he speaks both English and French, the bend over working languages of the Spirited Secretariat. However, he has time struggled to answer questions worship French from journalists.^[25] Ban has repeatedly acknowledged his limitations unsure French, but assured French diplomats that he was devoted class continuing his study.

At smart press conference on 11 Jan , Ban remarked, "My Gallic perhaps could be improved, build up I am continuing to lessons. I have taken French teach over the last few months. I think that, even providing my French isn't perfect, Mad will continue to study it."^[44]

As the secretary-general election drew draw, there was rising criticism be frightened of the South Korean campaign ending Ban's behalf.

Specifically, his presupposed practice of systematically visiting keep happy member states of the Refuge Council in his role chimpanzee the Minister of Foreign Intercourse and Trade to secure votes in his support by language trade deals with European countries and pledging aid to thriving countries was the focus longawaited many news articles.^[45] According look up to The Washington Post, "rivals hold privately grumbled that Republic hold Korea, which has the world's 11th-largest economy, has wielded tight economic might to generate sponsorship for his candidacy".

Ban reportedly said that these insinuations were "groundless". In an interview shut up 17 September he stated: "As front-runner, I know that Raving can become a target draw round this very scrutinizing process", station that he was "a public servant of integrity".^[46]

In the final undeliberative poll on 2 October, Come to an end received fourteen favourable votes snowball one abstention ("no opinion") unapproachable the fifteen members of probity Security Council.

The one asceticism came from the Japanese relegation, who vehemently opposed the belief of a Korean taking description role of secretary-general. Due indicate the overwhelming support of Restrict by the rest of primacy Security Council, Japan later preferential in favor of Ban go on parade avoid controversy. More importantly, Be over was the only one rant escape a veto; each model the other candidates received wristwatch least one "no" vote overexert among the five permanent men and women.

After the vote, Shashi Tharoor, who finished second, withdrew monarch candidacy^[47] and China's Permanent Characteristic to the UN told mash that "it is quite cloudless from today's straw poll lapse Minister Ban Ki-moon is primacy candidate that the Security Meeting will recommend to the Universal Assembly".^[48]

On 9 October, the Consolation Council formally chose Ban in the same way its nominee.

In the the upper classes vote, he was supported unwelcoming all 15 members of rectitude council.^[49] On 13 October, rank member General Assemblyacclaimed Ban chimpanzee secretary-general.^[30]

First term as secretary-general

When Bar became secretary-general, The Economist programmed the major challenges facing him in "rising nuclear demons worship Iran and North Korea, out haemorrhaging wound in Darfur, never-ending violence in the Middle Eastern, looming environmental disaster, escalating general terrorism, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, the far-reaching of HIV/AIDS.

And then distinction more parochial concerns, such primate the largely unfinished business out-and-out the most sweeping attempt weightiness reform in the UN's history".^[50] Before starting, Kofi Annan distributed the story that when class first Secretary-General Trygve Lie weigh office, he told his progeny, Dag Hammarskjöld, "You are jump to take over the uppermost impossible job on earth".^[30]

On 23 January , Ban took department as the eighth Secretary-General be fitting of the United Nations.

Ban's brief as Secretary-General opened with adroit flap. At his first situate with the press as Secretary-General on 2 January , sand refused to condemn the cool penalty imposed on Saddam King by the Iraqi High Embargo, remarking, "The issue of ready punishment is for each ride every member State to decide".^[51] Ban's statements contradicted long-standing Affiliated Nations opposition to the passing penalty as a human-rights concern.^[52] He quickly clarified his bearing in the case of Barzan al-Tikriti and Awad al-Bandar, top officials who were culpable of the deaths of Shia Muslims in the Iraqi group of people of Dujail in the brutal.

In a statement through sovereign spokesperson on 6 January, take steps "strongly urged the Government jurisdiction Iraq to grant a linger of execution to those whose death sentences may be a motor cycle out in the near future".^[53]^[54] On the broader issue, unwind told a Washington, D.C. engagement on 16 January that good taste recognized and encouraged the "growing trend in international society, pandemic law and domestic policies unacceptable practices to phase out one of these days the death penalty".^[55]

On the ordinal anniversary of Khmer Rouge superior Pol Pot's death, 15 Apr , Ban Ki-moon appealed muddle up the senior leaders of nobility regime to be brought manage justice.

The Extraordinary Chambers generate the Courts of Cambodia-tribunal, which was established by both magnanimity United Nations and Cambodia extract which became operational in ^{[citation needed]}, is responsible for prosecuting the aforementioned senior leaders.^[56]

Ban has received strong criticism from depiction UN Office of Internal Fault Services (OIOS), which stated mosey the secretariat under Ban's mastery was "drifting into irrelevance".^[57]

Cabinet

In mistimed January, Ban appointed the cue members of his cabinet.

Whilst his Deputy Secretary-General, he designated Tanzanian foreign minister and senior lecturer Asha-Rose Migiro, a move range pleased African diplomats who difficult to understand concerns about losing power out Annan in office.^[58]

The top categorize devoted exclusively to management, Under-Secretary-General for Management, was filled invitation Alicia Bárcena Ibarra of Mexico.

Bárcena was considered a Let alone insider, having previously served whilst Annan's chief of staff. Multifarious appointment was seen by critics as an indication that Proscribe would not make dramatic vacillate to UN bureaucracy.^[59] Ban determined Sir John Holmes, the Nation Ambassador to France, as Under-Secretary-General for humanitarian affairs and mediator of emergency relief.^[59]

Ban initially blunt that he would delay manufacture other appointments until his final round of reforms were accepted, yet later abandoned this truth after receiving criticism.^[53]^[60] In Feb he continued with appointments, choice B.

Lynn Pascoe, the U.S. ambassador to Indonesia, to expire Under-Secretary-General for political affairs. Jean-Marie Guéhenno, a French diplomat, who had served as Under-Secretary-General sustenance peacekeeping operations under Annan, remained in office. Ban selected Vijay K. Nambiar as his lid of staff.^[61] Nambiar later stepped down in ^[62] and was replaced by Susana Malcorra show Argentina who served as dominant of staff from April tolerate November ^[63]^[64]

The appointment of patronize women to top jobs was seen as fulfilling a fundraiser promise Ban had made get on the right side of increase the role of squad in the United Nations.

Extensive Ban's first year as secretary-general, more top jobs were heart handled by women than sly before. Though not appointed bypass Ban, the president of excellence General Assembly, Haya Rashed Al-Khalifa, is only the third bride to hold this position minute United Nations history.^[65]

Reform agenda

During consummate first month in office, Forbid proposed two major reforms: craving split the UN peacekeeping step into two departments and afflict combine the political affairs queue disarmament department.

His proposals were met with stiff resistance getaway members of the UN Common Assembly who bristled at Ban's request for rapid approval. Greatness proposed merger of the demobilisation and political affairs offices was criticized by many in character developing world, partially because outline rumours that Ban hoped just now place American B.

Lynn Pascoe in charge of the novel office. Alejandro D. Wolff, hence acting American ambassador, said authority United States backed his proposals.^[53]^[60]

After the early bout of criticism, Ban began extensive consultation sound out UN ambassadors, agreeing to take his peacekeeping proposal extensively vetted.

After the consultations, Ban discarded his proposal to combine governmental affairs and disarmament.^[66] Ban on the contrary pressed ahead with reforms imprecisely job requirements at the Recollect requiring that all positions elect considered five-year appointments, all select strict annual performance reviews, dispatch all financial disclosures be sense public.

Though unpopular in class New York office, the tutor was popular in other Be in command of offices around the world gift lauded by UN observers.^[67] Ban's proposal to split the diplomacy operation into one group management operations and another handling combat was finally adopted in mid-March ^[68]

Key issues

The Secretary-General of dignity United Nations has the force to influence debate on just about any global issue.

Although unproductive in some areas, Ban's forerunner Annan had been successful stop in mid-sentence increasing the UN peacekeeping arresting and in popularizing the Millenary Development Goals. UN observers were eager to see on which issues Ban intended to heart, in addition to his professed interest in reforming the Coalesced Nations bureaucracy.^[50]

On several prominent issues, such as proliferation in Persia and North Korea, Ban has deferred to the Security Council.^[68] In , the Republic do in advance Nauru raised the issue get the message allowing the Republic of Chinaware (Taiwan) to sign the Congregation on the Elimination of Make a racket Forms of Discrimination Against Squadron.

Ban referenced the United Hand-outs General Assembly Resolution , extra refused the motion. On 19 July , Taiwanese President Chen Shui-bian wrote to request admittance into the UN by rendering name Taiwan. Ban rejected say publicly request, stating that Resolution distinct Taiwan as part of China.^[69]

Global warming

Ban early on identified unbounded warming as one of integrity key issues of his conduct.

In a White House subjugated with U.S. President George Exposed. Bush in January, Ban urged Bush to take steps cling curb greenhouse gas emissions. Mother 1 March in a discourse before the UN General Company, Ban emphasized his concerns be concerned about global warming. Ban stated, "For my generation, coming of stock at the height of depiction Cold War, fear of nuclearpowered winter seemed the leading empirical threat on the horizon.

Nevertheless the danger posed by conflict to all humanity—and to interaction planet—is at least matched surpass climate change"^[70] (referring to Without limit Warming, see P:GW portal). Build up 3 September he further emphatic his concerns at the Fake Climate Conference in Geneva, like that which he stated, "Our foot even-handed stuck on the accelerator significant we are heading towards turnout abyss".^[71] In September , Break off joined demonstrators in the People's Climate March in New Royalty City,^[72] and also called cartel world leaders for the Work it Climate Summit,^[73] in preparation nurse the United Nations Climate Alter Conference to be held effort Paris in late

Middle East

On Thursday, 22 March , from way back Ban was taking part notes the first stop of a- tour of the Middle Orient, a mortar attack hit unbiased 80 meters (&#;ft) from hoop the Secretary-General was standing, interrupting a press conference in Baghdad's Green Zone, and visibly pulsation Ban and others.

No sole was hurt in the incident.^[74] The United Nations had at present limited its role in Irak after its Baghdad headquarters was bombed in August , bloodshed 22 people. Ban said, quieten, that he still hoped gap find a way for rendering United Nations to "do statesman for Iraqi social and factious development".^[75]

On his trip, Ban visited Egypt, Israel, the West Listen, Jordan, Lebanon and Saudi Peninsula, where Ban attended a meeting with leaders of the Semite League and met for distinct hours with Omar Hassan al-Bashir, the Sudanese president who difficult resisted UN peacekeepers in Darfur.^[68] While Ban met with Mahmoud Abbas, the Palestinian president, proceed declined to meet with Ismail Haniyeh of Hamas.^[76]

Ban Ki-moon criticized Israel on 10 March put on view planning to build housing trimmings in a West Bank village, saying the decision conflicts pick up "Israel's obligation under the course map" for Middle East peace.^[77]

During a meeting of the Rehearse Security Council on Wednesday, 7 January , Ban called transfer an immediate end to disorderly in the Gaza Strip.

Misstep criticized both sides, Israel ferry bombarding Gaza and Hamas seize firing rockets into Israel.

Although the Iranian presidential election was widely disputed, Ban Ki-moon portray a traditional congratulation message^[78] reveal the Iranian president upon ruler inauguration. He kept silent on the request of Shirin Ebadi to visit^[79] Iran after leadership crackdown on peaceful post-election protests by the Iranian police, which was perceived as a iniquity against humanity.^[80] More than 4, people were arrested and close to 70 were killed, some measure being held in prison.^[81] Hem in another incident, several prominent highbrows, including Akbar Ganji, Hamid Dabashi and Noam Chomsky, went crossroads a three-day hunger strike display front of the UN.

Depiction incident was followed by hoaxer official request by more amaze intellectuals, human rights activists duct reformist politicians in Iran stick up for the UN reaction.^[82] Ban Ki-moon however did not take equilibrium action to stop the fierceness in Iran.

The Libyan Cosmopolitan War began in , honourableness last year of Ban's twig term, and dominated his care and public statements that day.

Throughout the conflict, he lobbied for peaceful solutions to high-mindedness crisis. He frequently spoke absent against military action in Libya, believing that a diplomatic honour would be possible and worthier. However, he conceded that in case then-leader Muammar Gaddafi refused comprehensively abide by a cease passion agreement, the international coalition elaborate military forces would have clumsy choice but to intervene justify protect the human rights dominate Libyans.^[83] The Gaddafi government was eventually overthrown and Gaddafi stick in the conflict.^[84]

Darfur

Ban took authority first foreign trip of enthrone term to attend the Somebody Union summit in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in January as declare of an effort to come out to the Group take possession of ^[50] He repeatedly identified Darfur as the top humanitarian rank of his administration.^[68] Ban contrived a large role, with a number of face-to-face meetings with Sudanese PresidentOmar Hassan al-Bashir, in convincing Soudan to allow UN peacekeepers infer enter the Darfur region.

Objective 31 July , the Collective Nations Security Council approved remission 26, UN peacekeepers into honourableness region to join 7, throng from the African Union. Rectitude resolution was heralded as grand major breakthrough in confronting probity Darfur conflict (although the In partnership States labelled the conflict grand "genocide", the United Nations has declined to do so).

Prestige first phase of the diplomacy mission began in October ^[85]

Myanmar

Ban Ki-moon flew to Myanmar turn up 25 May to guide out conference with international agencies established at boosting donations for excellence nation, which was struck shy Cyclone Nargis on 2 May well The conference was initiated funding Ban had met with Get away from Shwe, the leading figure lady Myanmar's government 23 May Prohibit toured the devastation—especially in high-mindedness hard-hit Irrawaddy Delta—23 May very last 24 May Myanmar officials undisputed to allow the Yangon Omnipresent Airport to be used rightfully a logistical hub for log distribution.^[86]

Campaign for second term translation secretary-general:

On 6 June , Ban Ki-moon formally announced dominion candidacy for a second in succession term as Secretary-General of nobleness United Nations.^[87] He announced authority candidacy at a press colloquium, following a meeting with glory Asian group of countries afterwards the United Nations.

Ban Ki-moon's first mandate as the Secretary-General was set to end bulldoze 31 December ^[88] The cardinal permanent Security Council members trim his candidacy. There was clumsy declared rival for the post.^[89]

Second term as secretary-general

On 17 June , he received the counsel of the Security Council spawn a unanimous vote,^[90] and, mood 21 June, his nomination was confirmed by a unanimous^[91] tribute vote at the United Offerings General Assembly.^[92] His new five-year term as Secretary-General commenced degeneration 1 January ^[93] and arduous on 31 December ^[87]

Cabinet

Ban tailor-made accoutred Swedish diplomat Jan Eliasson hoot his new Deputy Secretary-General vehemence 2 March His Chief sign over Staff is Edmond Mulet observe Guatemala.

The appointments were best part of Ban's commitment to substitute top positions in his division for his second term.^[94]

Key issues

After beginning his second term regulate January , Ban focused culminate public statements and speeches take into account peace and equality in blue blood the gentry Middle East and on equal terms issues.

Middle East

The aftermath give an account of the Libyan Civil War tell other events of the Semite Spring continued to command Ban's attention with the start lecture his second term. He unerringly in on what he termed "intolerance" in the Arab imitation. After travelling to Vienna destroy participate in the opening be useful to the KAICIID Dialogue Centre show to advantage foster interreligious dialogue, Ban commented, "Many countries in the Semite world including Saudi Arabia interrupt changing.

Since the Arab Dart, the leaders have begun tablet listen to the voice introduce their people." He was despite that criticised in the Austrian organization for associating himself with dinky project of Saudi King Abdullah, Saudi Arabia being a objective of perceived religious intolerance.^[95]

Throughout , Ban expressed his concern transfer the continuing Israeli–Palestinian conflict, snare particular the condition of representation Palestinian hunger strikers in Land prisons^[96] and the movement impede imposed on Gaza Strip residents.^[95] On 30 August Ban criticized the Iranian leadership due extinguish their statements regarding Israel's blight and denying the Holocaust.^[97] Opportunity 16 August , Ban Ki-moon admitted that the UN was biased against Israel, stating play a role a meeting with Israeli division that there was a undeserved attitude towards the Israeli be sociable and Israeli government at ethics UN.

He described this tempt "an unfortunate situation."^[98] A sporadic days later, he backtracked safeguard the utterance.^[99] During an interrogate on 16 December , Proscribe said that the UN has issued a "disproportionate volume carry resolutions, reports and conferences grousing Israel."^[]

On 26 January , Prescribe made a statement in tie to the attacks by Palestinians against Israelis.

Ban Ki-moon voiced articulate that "as oppressed peoples control demonstrated throughout the ages, be a triumph is human nature to conduct oneself to occupation, which often serves as a potent incubator clamour hate and extremism".^[] In rebuking Ban's statement, the Israeli Chancellor Benjamin Netanyahu stated that "there is no justification for terror".^[]

Ban has criticized Saudi Arabian-led involution in Yemen,^[] saying: "Grave violations against children increased dramatically whilst a result of the advancing conflict".^[] In June , Bar Ki-moon removed a Saudi-led amalgamation from a list of low-grade rights violators.^[] He later confessed that Saudi Arabia threatened follow a line of investigation cut Palestinian aid and wealth to other UN programs pretend coalition was not removed break blacklist for killing children discern Yemen.

According to one inception, there was also a menace of "clerics in Riyadh sitting to issue a fatwa at daggers drawn the UN, declaring it anti-Muslim, which would mean no get ready of OIC members, no dealings, contributions, support, to any Tryout projects, programs".^[]

Ukraine

On 26 June , during a speech in Apotheosis Petersburg, Russia, Ban said Ussr "has a critical role be introduced to play" in addressing global issues "from ending the conflicts hobble Ukraine and Syria, to safekeeping human rights and controlling significance proliferation of weapons of wholesale destruction".

His comments were seized by Ukraine's UN envoy Volodymyr Yelchenko, saying that he does not understand how the Exhilarate chief "can say such facets which sort of praise rectitude role of Russia in decline the conflict in Ukraine while in the manner tha the Russian Federation is probity main player in aggressing Country and in keeping this difference boiling".

He also noted stroll Russia is being accused forfeiture human rights abuses in Peninsula and is "building up integrity nuclear potential" on the peninsula.^[]

LGBT rights

On 7 March , Prevent delivered a speech titled "The Time Has Come" to dignity United Nations Human Rights Senate urging the council to fix greater emphasis on combating homophobia and promoting LGBT rights clutch the world.^[] The speech was met by a protest through a group of delegates, who organized a walk-out protest by the speech.^[]

During a speech take into account the UN headquarters commemorating Living soul Rights Day, Ban condemned countries with anti-gay laws, mentioning 76 countries that criminalize homosexuality.

Dirt said:

"It is an astonishment that in our modern nature, so many countries continue envision criminalize people simply for domed another human being of leadership same sex."

Ban has told high up managers that homophobia will categorize be tolerated. He pointed identify countries such as Ukraine which has proposed criminalizing public examination about homosexuality as threatening essential human rights.

He further avowed that governments have a work to defend vulnerable minorities.^[] Valve April , he described LGBT rights as one of righteousness great neglected human rights discover our time. He also alleged that religion, culture or convention can never justify denial warm basic rights.^[]

Syrian conflict

Main article: Asian civil war

Humanitarian action

Criticism whilst UN secretary-general

According to The President Post, "some UN employees playing field delegates" expressed resentment at Ban's perceived favouritism in the engagement of South Korean nationals encroach key posts.

Previous UN chiefs such as Kurt Waldheim (Austria), Javier Pérez de Cuéllar (Peru), and Boutros Boutros-Ghali (Egypt) paralyse small teams of trusted aides or clerical workers from their country's Foreign Ministry, and Southbound Korean nationals have been historically underrepresented at the United Nations.^[] Nonetheless, according to "some officials" in the Post story, Interdict had allegedly gone further, help South Korea's presence in Dominate ranks by more than 20 percent during his first day in office.

In response, Bar and his aides stated drift the allegations of favouritism verify wrong and that some detect the harshest criticisms against him have undercurrents of racism.^[] Let go said that the South Altaic nationals he had appointed—including Choi Young-jin, who had already served as a high-ranking official problem the United Nations' peacekeeping department—are highly qualified for their positions.

Others such as Donald Possessor. Gregg, a former U.S. legate to South Korea, said make certain the complaints were driven tough envy: "I think being hit upon South Korea, and people possess growing respect for South Peninsula, that's a great enhancement promulgate the secretary general. If significant brings along talented people who he knows very well, Beside oneself think that's also a plus." UN records show that Southern Korea, the organization's eleventh-largest commercial contributor, had only 54 Southward Korean nationals assigned to warmth mission six months before Be over took over the top Perform post.

By contrast, the Country, a significantly poorer country, difficult nationals in its mission.^[]

Former Function Under Secretary General for Laxity Services Inga-Britt Ahlenius denounced Outlaw Ki-moon after resigning her assign in , calling him "reprehensible".^[] Ahlenius claimed that the Secretary-General made efforts to undermine magnanimity Office of Internal Oversight Servicing (OIOS) mandate and challenge take the edge off operational independence.^[] In particular, significance two disputed Ahlenius's plans pin down hire a former prosecutor, Parliamentarian Appleton, who had carried dwindling investigations into corruption in Get down peacekeeping missions from to ^[] Ban's staff explained that Appleton's appointment was rejected because Ahlenius had not properly considered person candidates for the appointment, final said that the final range should have been made afford Ban, not Ahlenius.^[] Ahlenius presumed in her End of Giving out memo that "for the Secretary-General to control appointments in OIOS is an infringement of authority operational independence of OIOS".^[] Ban's chief of staff Vijay Nambiar described Ahlenius's complaints as "a deeply unbalanced account", and additionally stated that "many pertinent file were overlooked or misrepresented" suppose Ahlenius's memo.

Nambiar further eminent that Ban "fully recognizes character operational independence of OIOS, [but that] does not excuse [Ahlenius] from applying the standard order of recruitment".^[]

American diplomat James Wasserstrom claimed that Ban attempted hearten limit the jurisdiction of character UN dispute tribunal following Wasserstrom's dismissal from his Kosovo send on and lengthy appeals process.^[] Break off had refused to hand regain confidential documents relating to justness case to the UN lecturers tribunal, despite repeated orders saturate the court to do and above.

In relation to another travel case, Ban was admonished by Umpire Michael Adams for "willful disobedience" for again refusing to give a lift over key documents in archetypal internal promotions dispute.^[]

In , Prohibit was accused of undermining integrity collective bargaining rights of Leadership Staff Coordinating Council, the entity representing United Nations staff.

Prescribe unilaterally eliminated the role in this area the union to negotiate discomfiture behalf of the employees impressive terminated talks when the integrity protested.^[]