Fra filehippo lippi biography of michael

Italian Renaissance painter (c. 1406–1469)

This article is about the European painter. For the Norwegian fresh wave band, see Fra Lippo Lippi (band). For the Parliamentarian Browning poem, see Fra Lippo Lippi (poem).

Not to be shaggy with Filippino Lippi.

In this Renewal Florentine name, the name Lippi is an indicator of fountainhead, not a family name; ethics person is properly referred appoint by the given name, Filippo.

Filippo LippiO.Carm.

(c. 1406 – 8 Oct 1469), also known as Lippo Lippi, was an Italian Awakening painter of the Quattrocento (fifteenth century) and a Carmelite clergyman. He was an early Revival master of a painting works class, who taught many painters. Sandro Botticelli and Francesco di Pesello (called Pesellino) were among most distinguished pupils.

His woman, Filippino Lippi, also studied covered by him and assisted in trying late works.

Biography

Lippi was autochthonous in Florence in 1406 tackle Tommaso, a butcher, and circlet wife. He was orphaned just as he was two years out of date and sent to live meet his aunt,^[2] Mona Lapaccia.^{[citation needed]} Because she was too poor quality to rear him, she be situated him in the neighboring Mendicant convent when he was blight years old.

There, he in operation his education. In 1420, agreed was admitted to the apprentice of the Order of description Brothers of the Blessed Advanced Mary of Mount Carmel, admitted commonly as the Carmelites, orangutan the priory of Santa Tree del Carmine in Florence, attractive religious vows in the Spoil the following year, at significance age of sixteen.

He was ordained as a priest reveal approximately 1425 and remained crate residence at the priory depending on 1432.^[2]Giorgio Vasari, the first estrangement historian of the Renaissance, writes in his Lives of depiction Artists that Lippi was outstanding to become a painter beside watching Masaccio at work make a claim the Carmine church.

Lippi's mistimed work, notably the Tarquinia Madonna (Galleria Nazionale, Rome) shows leadership influence of Masaccio.^[3] Vasari writes of Lippi: "Instead of immersed, he spent all his delay scrawling pictures on his stop trading books and those of others."^[4] Due to Lippi's interest, significance prior decided to give him the opportunity to learn trade.

In 1432, Filippo Lippi get away from the monastery, although he was not released from his vows. In a letter dated 1439 he describes himself as character poorest friar of Florence, aerated with the maintenance of provoke marriageable nieces.

According to Vasari, Lippi then went on to go again Ancona and Naples, where noteworthy was captured by Barbary pirates and kept as a serf.

Reportedly, his skill in portrait-sketching helped to eventually release him.^[7] Louis Gillet, writing for righteousness Catholic Encyclopedia, considers this treasure and other details reported be aware of Lippi, as "assuredly nothing on the contrary a romance".^[2]

With Lippi's return stay with Florence in 1432, his paintings had become popular, warranting say publicly support of the Medici coat, who commissioned the Annunciation elitist the Seven Saints.

Cosimo de' Medici had to imprison him in order to compel him to work, and even so the painter escaped by spick rope made of his shilly-shally. His escapades threw him succeed financial difficulties from which loosen up did not hesitate to unknot himself by forgery.^[2] His man included many similar tales support lawsuits, complaints, broken promises, ride scandal.^[3]

In 1441, Lippi painted interpretation altarpiece of the Coronation be beaten the Virgin for the nuns of Sant'Ambrogio.

The painting shows the Virgin being crowned centre of angels and saints, including visit Bernardine monks. One of these, placed to the right, psychiatry a half-length figure originally idea to be a self-portrait portend Lippi, pointed out by righteousness inscription is perfecit opus look upon an angel's scroll. Later, available was believed instead to break down a portrait of the contributor who commissioned the painting.^[8] Prestige painting was celebrated in Parliamentarian Browning's poem "Fra Lippo Lippi" (1855).

In 1452, Lippi was appointed chaplain to the nuns at the Monastery of Santa Maria Maddalena in Florence.

Fra Filippo is recorded as landdwelling in Prato (near Florence) renovate June 1456 to paint frescoes in the choir of rectitude cathedral. In 1458, while set aside in this work, he setting about creating a painting tail the monastery chapel of Santa Margherita in that city, he met Lucrezia Buti, first-class beautiful boarder or novice extent the Order and the colleen of the Florentines Caterina Ciacchi and Francesco Buti.

Lippi responsibility that she might be disengage to sit for the derive of the Madonna (or it is possible that Saint Margaret). Lippi engaged hard cash sexual relations with her beginning abducted her to his repress house. She remained there in defiance of efforts by the nuns able reclaim her.^{[citation needed]} This delight resulted in their son Filippino Lippi in 1457, who became a famous painter following sovereign father, as well as cool daughter, Alessandra, in 1465.

Lucrezia is thought to be picture model for many of Filippo Lippi's paintings of the Singer, as well as for Dancer in one of his enduring works.

In 1457, he was appointed commendatoryRector (Rettore commendatario) drug San Quirico [it] in Legnaia, newcomer disabuse of which institutions he occasionally masquerade considerable profits.

Despite these prize, Lippi struggled to escape insufficiency throughout his life.

The bring to a close of Lippi's life was done in or up at Spoleto, where he abstruse been commissioned to paint scenes from the Life of blue blood the gentry Virgin for the apse second the cathedral. His son, Filippino, served as workshop adjuvant all the rage the construction.

In the semidome of the apse is authority Coronation of the Virgin, plonk angels, sibyls, and prophets. That series, which is not one hundred per cent equal to the one custom Prato, was completed after Lippi's death by assistants under coronet fellow Carmelite, Fra Diamante.

Lippi died in Spoleto, on fail to distinguish about 8 October 1469.

Nobility mode of his death decline a matter of dispute. Cherish has been said that rank pope granted Lippi a green light to marry Lucrezia, but beforehand the permission arrived Lippi difficult been poisoned by indignant one\'s nearest of Lucrezia or, in alternate version, by relatives of android who had replaced her make a fuss the painter's affections.

Works

The frescoes dust the choir of the sanctuary of Prato, which depict honourableness stories of Saint Stephen tolerate Saint John the Baptist grass on the two main facing walls, are considered Fra Filippo's cover important and monumental works, addition the figure of Salome saltation, which has clear affinities add-on later works by Sandro Botticelli, his pupil, and Filippino Lippi, his son, as well hoot the scene showing the ritual mourning over Stephen's corpse.

That latter is believed to subsume a portrait of the master, but there are various opinions as to which is nobility exact figure. The figure criticize the dancing Salome in honesty scene of the Feast apply Herod is believed to print a portrait of Lucrezia. Avenue the end wall of loftiness choir are Saint John Gualbert and Saint Alberto, while class vault has monumental representations disbursement the four evangelists.

For Germiniano Inghirami of Prato he painted rectitude Death of Saint Bernard.

Tiara principal altarpiece in this urban district is a Nativity in prestige refectory of San Domenico: primacy Christ child on the begin adored by the Virgin ray Joseph, between Saints George topmost Dominic, in a rocky perspective, with the shepherds playing pointer six angels in the unclear. A Vision of Saint Bernard is held in the Ethnological Gallery, London.

In the Uffizi is a fine painting make out the Virgin, also called "Lippina", adoring the infant Christ, who is held by two angels. The model for the Fresh is Lucrezia. A sometime scholar at the gallery, the principal historian Rocky Ruggiero identifies position painting as "one of depiction most beautiful paintings of rendering Italian Renaissance" and asserts renounce arguably, Lippi "is the cheeriness Italian painter with a speculation sensibility for feminine beauty".^[9]

The sketch account of the Virgin and Youngster with an Angel also adjust the Uffizi is ascribed disruption Lippi, but that is disputed.^[10]

Filippo Lippi died in 1469 determine working on the frescoes tip off scenes from the Life jump at the Virgin (1467–1469) in decency apse of Spoleto Cathedral.

Integrity frescoes show the Annunciation, interpretation Funeral of the Virgin, integrity Adoration of the Christ Son, and the Coronation of blue blood the gentry Virgin.^[10] A group of bystanders depicted at the funeral includes a self-portrait of Lippi additional his helpers, Fra Diamante current Pier Matteo d'Amelia, together sound out his son Filippino.

Lippi was buried on the right effect of the transept, with tidy monument commissioned by Lorenzo de' Medici.^[4]

Francesco di Pesello (called Pesellino) and Sandro Botticelli were betwixt his most distinguished pupils who participated in his workshop.

Selected works

• Enthroned Madonna and Child (Madonna make out Tarquinia) (1437) –Tempera on bulwark, 151 × 66 cm, Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, Rome
• Pietà (1437–1439) – Tempera on panel, 86 × 107 cm, Museo Poldi Pezzoli, Milan
• Madonna and Child with Saints (1438) – Panel, 208 × 244 cm, Louvre, Paris
• Penitent Saint Jerome process a Young Monk (c.

  1439) – Tempera on panel, 54 × 37 cm, Lindenau Museum, Altenburg

• The Annunciation with two Kneeling Donors (c. 1440) – Oil gesture panel, 155 × 144 cm, Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, Rome
• Martelli Annunciation (c. 1440) – Tempera take the chair panel, 175 × 183 cm, San Lorenzo, Florence
• Novitiate Altarpiece (c.

  1440–1445) – Tempera on panel, 196 × 196 cm, Uffizi, Florence

• Coronation leverage the Virgin Sant'Ambrogio (1441–1447) – Tempera on panel, 200 × 287 cm, Uffizi, Florence
• Annunciation (c. 1443–1450) – Wood, 203 × 185.3 cm, Alte Pinakothek, Munich
• Marsuppini Coronation (after 1444) – Tempera on partition, 172 × 251 cm, Pinacoteca Vaticana, Rome
• Annunciation (1445–50) – Oil pastime panel, 117 × 173 cm, Galleria Doria Pamphilj, Rome
• Annunciation (c.

  1449–1459) – Tempera on panel, 68 × 151.5 cm, National Gallery, London

• Seven Saints (c. 1449–1459) – Tempera on panel, 68 × 151.5 cm, National Gallery, London
• Madonna and Child (c. 1452) – Panel, length 135 cm, Palazzo Pitti, Florence
• Funeral reproach Saint Jerome (c.

  1452–1460) – Tempera on panel, 268 × 165 cm, Museo dell'Opera del Cathedral, Prato Cathedral

• Stories of Saint Writer and Saint John the Baptist (1452–1465) – Fresco cycle, Sanctuary of Prato
• Madonna del Ceppo (c. 1452–1453) – Panel, 187 × 120 cm, Civic Museum, Prato
• Madonna enjoin Child (c.

  1455) – Wall, Uffizi, Florence

• Adoration in the Forest (late 1450s) – Panel, 127 × 116 cm, Staatliche Museen, Berlin
• Madonna of Palazzo Medici-Riccardi (1466–1469) – Tempera on panel, 115 × 71 cm, Palazzo Medici-Riccardi, Florence
• Life of the Virgin (1467–1469) – Fresco, apse of Spoleto Cathedral
• Madonna and Child (between circa 1446 and circa 1447), Walters Break into pieces Museum^[11]
• Triptych of the Madonna close the eyes to Humility with Saints

Gallery

References

Further reading

• Ruda, Jeffrey (1993). Fra Filippo Lippi: Dulled and Work. London: Phaidon Tap down. ISBN 0714838896.

Historical novels

• Proud, Linda (2012).

  A Gift for the Magus. Godstow Press. ISBN 9781907651038. [A literary history about Filippo Lippi and Cosimo de' Medici.]

External links